CEBI Working Paper 2024, EU Tax Observatory Working Paper
Awards: Heinz-König 2nd prize. ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research
Media coverage: Taxnotes, Cryptonews.com
Abstract: Cryptocurrencies pose substantial challenges to tax enforcement due to their anonymous and decentralized properties, undermining conventional regulatory practices. We study the impact of an ambitious new enforcement initiative aimed at addressing these challenges: domestic third-party reporting of crypto income. We estimate tax compliance and behavioral responses to this new policy by combining unique Danish microdata from domestic crypto platforms, administrative tax records, and cross-border bank transfers. Despite the introduction of domestic third-party reporting, over 90% of crypto investors do not declare crypto income. Moreover, we identify a significant and persistent evasion response to the policy as investors shift trading activity from domestic platforms, subject to third-party reporting, to foreign platforms outside regulatory reach. Our findings underscore the limits of domestic enforcement strategies in addressing tax evasion for decentralized, borderless assets like cryptocurrencies, highlighting the need for international coordination.
Presentations: EPRN Conference 2025, Barcelona Workshop on the Economics of Taxation 2025, CESifo Public Economics Conference 2025, Oxford CBT Doctoral Conference 2024, IIPF 2024, The Danish Economic Society Congress 2024, CEBI Lunch Seminar, DGPE 2023, the Central Bank of Denmark, the Danish Tax Agency.